ATOMIC TERM SYMBOLS In electronic spectroscopy, atomic term symbol specifies a certain electronic state of an atom (usually a multi-electron one), by briefing the quantum numbers for the angular momenta of that atom. The form of an atomic term symbol implies Russell-Saunders coupling. Transitions between two different atomic states may be represented using their term symbols, to which certain rules apply. History At the beginning, the spectroscopic notation for term symbols was derived from an obsolete system of categorizing spectral lines. In 1885, Johann Balmer, a Swiss mathematician, discovered the Balmer formula for a series of hydrogen emission lines. λ = B ( m 2 m 2 − 4 ) (1) (1) λ = B ( m 2 m 2 − 4 ) where B B is constant, and m m is an integer greater than 2. Later it was extended by Johannes Rydberg and Walter Ritz. Yet this principle could hardly explain the discovery of fine structure, the splitting of spectral...
Comments
Post a Comment